Khmer culture. Part 2
During the medieval period, the Kampuchean ballet influenced the development of theater in neighboring countries, particularly in Laos and Thailand. Then the heyday of Khmer dance was replaced by a period of decline, when from a large number of dancers, there were only a few ballerinas who jealously preserved the precious pearls of traditional choreography. After the country's independence, interest in the national art of dance as a vibrant and distinctive genre of Khmer culture was revived. Kampuchea ballet is characterized by the combination of a sophisticated convention of gestures with a strictly defined meaning, with a natural, vital, authentic pantomime expressiveness.
The exquisite skill of the Khmer ballerinas is a harmonious combination of body movements, head movements and, above all, hands, which have achieved a rare plasticity due to the flexibility of fingers and hands developed since childhood. The plots of performances in classical ballet are ancient folk legends. In traditional dances, the scenes of the immortal poem "Riemke" unfold in a peculiar and precise way, and the choreographic action is always commented on by the choir. A big role is given to music, which creates a dreamy and gentle atmosphere and captivates listeners with its amazing fusion with dance. The rich traditions in Kampuchea are folk dances, which owe their origin to the Khmer people's labor processes and daily life, their national customs and rituals. One of the most popular dances among the people should first of all be called "Chayam", usually performed by rural residents. The main thing in "Chayama" is endless jokes and mischievous fun. Here's one of the dancers unsuccessfully trying to hit on a simpering beauty. In the next scene, actors appear in funny masks: one portrays a buffoon, the rest beat off a shot with wooden plates. The changing rhythms and moods of genuine fairground fun captivate those present, who are sensitive to the surprisingly humane peasant humor. The Khmer people say that "Chayam" heals the sick, banishes fatigue, and makes one feel light and joyful. In the northern provinces of Kampuchea — Battambang and Siem Reap — during the celebration of the New Year, peasants perform "Trot", a dance associated with magical rituals and the cult of fertility. To this day, many Kampucheans believe that performing this dance will contribute to a good harvest and save them from many hardships in the coming year. During the performance, the participants dance and sing, and act out funny skits.
An integral part of the Khmer cultural life is the shadow theater, Nang Sbaek, which locals call "Kampuchean cinema." There are two types of these performances in Kampuchea: the small and the large shadow theater. In the small one, flat leather puppets made of treated bovine leather are shown behind a white screen. The height of each figure is 50-70 cm. The dolls are set in motion using bamboo canes. With amazing virtuosity, the puppeteers manipulate the movements of the puppets, simultaneously playing the roles of several characters involved in the performance. The small shadow theater usually shows plots from local folklore. Big spenders deserve special treatment. High roller bonuses are designed for players who deposit large amounts, typically 500€ or more per transaction. When you use a
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